1- Divided into groups
Divide yourself into equal groups and gather together to discuss your ideas.
2- Choose an environmental problem
Each group will choose an environmental problem that is of interest to them or close to their field of work. You can use your knowledge in Orange or the interest to discuss the problem from different aspects.
3- History of the problem
When did it start? How did it evolve and what are the main historical inventions or practices that lead to it.
4- Contemporary problem globally & locally
Identify the contemporary problem and discuss its (global) and (local) aspects.
5- This environmental problem in Egypt
When did it impacted Egypt (year/event/presidency/specific major project)? In what way its impact is current? and what are the current efforts to fix it?
6- Solutions & policy recommendation
What can be done to mitigate for this problem on:
- Policy Level
- Plan Level
- Project Level
Urban & Environmental Studies 
Ahmed Wagdy, Mostafa Nagy, Khaled Ibrahim, Peter Mamdouh
Energy Demand:
Lack of energy supply as the current energy production depends on the fossil fuel which has high impact on environment and climate and they are limited resources.
History of the problem
The human and Industrial Revolution development has been increasing the demand on energy year over year while the resources are decreasing dramatically.
The increase of carbon emissions gases (specially CO2) & climate changes lead to find sustainable resources to decrease the dependency on fossil fuels
focusing on solar energy (renewable energy) as a solution for this global problems, countries should widely and deeply invest for such sustainable projects
Contemporary problem globally & locally are the scale needed for such project (huge footprint), production availability (daytime only), limitations of solar irradiance, technology evolution is very slow (very low efficiency for the current available in the market, about 23% efficiency !!
also climate challenges like cloudy & foggy weather decrease the chances for proceed with solar plant.
In 2023, the increase demand of energy & the limited resources of fossil fuels resulted in daily electricity cut off all over Egypt
Also Egypt is one of the highest air polluted countries resulting from the industrial manufacturing and energy production mainly from fossil fuels
Egypt have only 12% renewable production from total energy production, which let the country to have a near future vision to invest in renewable energy production and specially in solar plants
from the solutions
Egypt have the opportunity to capitalize on the existing infrastructure and increase the participation of renewable energy specially solar and mitigate its footprint over the green house gases effecting the climate
by encourage residents and citizens & industrial entities to deploy & invest in solar plants while providing economic incentives.
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By Mostafa Hegazi:
Environmental Problem: Water Scarcity
This problem is influenced by many factors such as population growth, climate change, growing urbanizations, polluting industries, growing demand for food, desertification , unregulated usage.
The severity of this problem differs from one place to another around the whole planet. Developed countries have affected the climate heavily especially USA & China which caused negative impact on other locations. Africa was impacted severely by the desertification. So, the industrial revolution was a key turning point.
Egypt is considered one of the poorest countries for the volume of water per capita. Egypt is relying mainly on the Nile river which provides almost constant volume of water per year. So, the natural growth of population and the rising demand for food and water usage are making water supply a huge concern for the people and politicians.
Moreover, the competition among “Nile River” surrounding countries to have more water quota is threatening the stability of the region.
A problem of global awareness with the importance of the problem among the local communities is causing a kind of “miss-use” problem.
The proposed solutions could be some of the following:
– Water usage should be strictly controlled for individuals, farming, industries,….
– The pricing policy of water usage should be reviewed and become much smarter
– Water usage measurements techniques should be developed and become much more visible for users and many other channels
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Circular Economy Group 1
1. Group members
Laila El Nofely, Ihab Attia, Beshoy Barsoum, Ehab Abdullah, Abdelrahman Hassan and Mariam Nagib
2- Environmental problem
Wasted resources
3- History of the problem
Everything for centuries has been following a linear economic model; we buy – we use – we throw / sell and then we buy again.
4- Contemporary problem globally & locally
Both on the global and local level there is lack of awareness, distrust and mindset with the only difference being the varying ratios.
5- This environmental problem in Egypt
Regulatory framework needs to embrace circular economy.
Economic challenge due to depleting resources resulting from increasing waste.
Human behavior CE & valuable resources is not part of education system.
Health hazards, spread of diseases due to the piling up of waste dumps.
6- Solutions & policy recommendation
Dialogue and partnerships between government bodies, nations, public sectors, private sectors, organisations, etc. to develop a regulatory framework than can offer solution and governance to the problem.
Spread awareness through NGOs, SM, PR, schools, private sector
Incentives from organizations & corporate to collect their wastes (bottles, cans, etc…)
Corporates adopting circularity and promoting it over new products.
Affordability by appreciating the value of refurbished versus new.
By:
Laila El Nofely, Ihab Attia, Beshoy Barsoum, Ehab Abdullah, Abdelrahman Hassan and Mariam Nagib
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